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India’s government plans to simplify its income tax filing rules to make it less tedious for taxpayers to comply with the law and help cut down on disputes that have ballooned to more than $120 billion over the past decade. 

A proposed revamp of the Income-tax Act of 1961 is currently being finalized and will likely be issued for public consultation around mid-January, according to people familiar with the matter, who asked not to be identified as the information isn’t public. The revised legislation will then be released in the government’s budget, expected in early February, they said. 

The changes involve simplifying the language and rationalizing information by using formulas and tables, and won’t include any adjustments to tax rates and policy, the people said. 

The Finance Ministry didn’t immediately respond to an email seeking comment.  

India has been trying to modernise its tax laws for decades to reduce the bureaucratic burden on taxpayers and boost compliance. Tax disputes have more than doubled to Rs 10.5 trillion ($123 billion) in the decade through the fiscal year ended March 2023. Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced in July that a comprehensive review of the tax legislation will be completed in six months to make the rules more taxpayer-friendly.

Here are some of the proposed changes, according to people familiar with the discussions:

• Complex income computation structures to be replaced by formulas
• A single definition of tax year to replace the current practice of assessment year and financial year
• Tabular depiction for identical taxpayers for easier understanding
• Reducing the number of additional forms taxpayers need to submit with their tax returns and making them available online

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India must get into frontier work in artificial intelligence and build foundational models, but investment is a real entry barrier and just one mathematical breakthrough can change entire dynamics, Microsoft Chairman and CEO Satya Nadella said here on Wednesday.

During his second day of Microsoft India AI Tour, Nadella said that India can do great work in the area of Indic languages and transforming its industries using artificial intelligence. 

“There’s no reason why India can’t do frontier work, but you can even define frontier pretty unique. So for example, I don’t think the last known big breakthrough in AI frontier has happened. I always say we are one mathematical breakthrough away from that entire edifice being thrown out and being going after something else,” Nadella said.

He said academics in India, the research institutions, including Microsoft Research, are very fantastic math team and algorithms team.

“Let’s not be bound, quite frankly, with what is considered frontier. So I would say India definitely should also do frontier work. Also use the frontier in order to, post training, to make it great for Indic languages, make it great for Indian industry, and so on,” Nadella said.

In response to a question by additional secretary in the IT ministry Abhishek Singh on whether India should build its own AI foundational model, Nadella said that India always has an option to do that but the real entry barrier in making foundational models is investment.

He said the other way to look at the investment barrier is to lower the cost with the help of research, which is always open for India.

“I think that is the design space here is there for India to make some smart, strategic choice. And I’m not saying you shouldn’t do like you know, but then you have to be mindful that it is a capital intensive business if you want to be on the frontier,” Nadella said.

At present, India is using AI engines or the foundational models developed by OpenAI, Google etc.

At the event, Microsoft announced strategic partnerships with RailTel, Apollo Hospitals, Bajaj Finserv, Mahindra Group, and upGrad to help their teams and customers benefit from cloud and AI innovation. The company also signed an agreement with India AI to advance AI and emerging technologies in the country and establish AI Centre of Excellence and AI Productivity Labs to foster inclusive growth.

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The key domestic benchmarks end with small losses on Wednesday. The Nifty settled below the 23,700 level. Consumer durables, healthcare and pharma shares declined while oil & gas, IT and FMCG shares advanced.

As per provisional closing, the barometer index, the S&P BSE Sensex, declined 50.62 points or 0.06% to 78,148.49. The Nifty 50 index lost 18.95 points or 0.08% to 23,688.95.

The broader market underperformed the frontline indices. The S&P BSE Mid-Cap index slipped 1.09% and the S&P BSE Small-Cap index fell 1.12%.

The market breadth was weak. On the BSE, 1,389 shares rose and 2,581 shares fell. A total of 96 shares were unchanged.

The NSE’s India VIX, a gauge of the market’s expectation of volatility over the near term, slipped 1.33% to 14.47.

Economy:

The National Statistics Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) has released the First Advance Estimates of Annual Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for the Financial Year (FY) 2024-25 along with its expenditure components both at constant (2011-12) and current prices.

Real GDP has been estimated to grow by 6.4% in FY 2024-25 as compared to the growth rate of 8.2% in the Provisional Estimate (PE) of GDP for FY 2023-24. Nominal GDP has witnessed a growth rate of 9.7% in FY 2024-25 over the growth rate of 9.6% in FY 2023-24. Real GVA has grown by 6.4% in FY 2024-25 over the growth rate of 7.2% in FY 2023-24.

Buzzing Index:

The Nifty Consumer Durables index slipped 2.16% to 41,745.75. The index rose 0.12% in the past trading session.

Dixon Technologies (India) (down 8.36%), Amber Enterprises India (down 3.61%), Cera Sanitaryware (down 2.71%), Whirlpool of India (down 2.6%), Kajaria Ceramics (down 2.08%), Blue Star (down 2.07%), Kalyan Jewellers India (down 2.01%), V-Guard Industries (down 1.86%), Century Plyboards (India) (down 1.8%) and Rajesh Exports (down 1.09%) declined.

On the other hand, Havells India (up 0.48%) and Crompton Greaves Consumer Electricals (up 0.33%) edged higher.

IPO Update:

The initial public offer (IPO) of Standard Glass Lining Technology received bids for 3,75,77,05,073 shares as against 2,08,29,567 shares on offer, according to stock exchange data at 15:39 IST on 8 January 2025. The issue was subscribed to 180.40 times.

The issue opened for bidding on 6 January 2025, and it will close on 8 January 2025. The price band of the IPO is fixed between Rs 133 and Rs 140 per share. An investor can bid for a minimum of 107 equity shares and in multiples thereof.

The initial public offer (IPO) of Quadrant Future Tek received bids for 25,69,78,400 shares as against 57,99,999 shares on offer, according to stock exchange data at 15:39 IST on 8 January 2025. The issue was subscribed to 44.31 times.

The issue opened for bidding on 7 January 2025, and it will close on 9 January 2025. The price band of the IPO is fixed between Rs 275 and Rs 290 per share. An investor can bid for a minimum of 50 equity shares and in multiples thereof.

The initial public offer (IPO) of Capital Infra Trust received bids for 1,64,37,600 shares as against 8,83,83,750 shares on offer, according to stock exchange data at 15:31 IST on 7 January 2025. The issue was subscribed to 0.19 times.

The issue opened for bidding on 7 January 2025, and it will close on 9 January 2025. The price band of the IPO is fixed between Rs 99 and Rs 100 per share. An investor can bid for a minimum of 150 equity shares and in multiples thereof.

Stocks in Spotlight:

Transformers and Rectifiers (India) added 0.72%. The companys consolidated net profit surged 252.92% to Rs 55.48 crore on 51.44% rise in revenue from operations to Rs 559.36 crore in Q3 FY25 over Q3 FY24. Meanwhile, the companys board has approved issue of bonus equity shares in the proportion of 1:1.

Further, the board has also approved issuance of equity shares through qualified institutional placement (QIP) for an amount not exceeding Rs 750 crore.

Transformers & Rectifiers (India) produces transformers for both domestic and international markets.

Ashiana Housing jumped 6.87% after the company reported a 2.6 times increase in the sale value of the area booked to Rs 454.31 crore in Q3 FY25 from Rs 173.88 crore in Q3 FY24.

Prime Focus shed 0.60% to Rs 135.25 after the company announced that its subsidiary, Prime Focus Motion Pictures (PF Motion), has incorporated a wholly owned subsidiary named DNEG Creative on 7 January 2025.

Signatureglobal (India) rose 0.51%. The company said that its pre-sales zoomed 120% to Rs 2,770 crore in Q3 FY25 from Rs 1,260 crore recorded in Q3 FY24.

Tata Steel fell 0.56%. The company informed that its India crude steel production stood at 5.68 million tons (MT) in Q3 FY25, up 6% as compared with 5.35 MT in Q3 FY24.

Jindal Worldwide shed 0.36%. The companys board has approved the proposal to issue bonus shares in a 4:1 ratio during a meeting held on 7 January 2025.

Birlasoft shed 0.66%. The company announced that its chief executive officer (CEO), Roopinder Singh, who was also responsible for the Americas geography, has resigned, with effect from 7th February 2025.

Exicom Tele-Systems hit an upper circuit limit of 5% after the company signed an EV charging partnership with Mufin Green Infra.

WPIL rallied 1.50% after the company announced that its European subsidiary, Gruppo Aturia, has successfully acquired 100% shareholding of MISA Italy, located in Arzignano, Italy.

Ola Electric Mobility rose 0.48%. The company received a warning letter from the Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) for violating SEBI disclosure norms.

Larsen & Toubro (L&T) slipped 1.22% after the company announced that its heavy engineering arm had secured multiple orders in Q3 of FY25, both in overseas and domestic markets.

Tata Technologies added 0.54%. The company signed a strategic memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Telechips to innovate vehicle software solutions for next-gen software-defined vehicles (SDVs).

Global Markets:

The Dow Jones index futures were up 116 points, signaling a positive opening for U.S. stocks today.

European stock advanced on Wednesday as investors will awaited European consumer confidence and economic sentiment data. On the earnings front, Shell is set to release its fourth-quarter update.

Asian stocks ended mixed as the yen weakened against dollar. Traders anticipate the Federal Reserve will maintain a cautious approach to interest rate cuts, given recent data indicating a resilient U.S. economy and labor market.

Tuesday’s data showed a rise in U.S. job openings alongside a slight slowdown in hiring, suggesting the labor market remains strong. This, coupled with stronger-than-expected purchasing managers’ index data, has fueled concerns about persistent inflation.

Job openings, a measure of labor demand, rose 259,000 to 8.098 million by the last day of November, the Labor Department’s Bureau of Labor Statistics said in its Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey, or JOLTS report, on Tuesday. Meanwhile, U.S. services sector PMI increases to 54.1 in December from 52.1 in November.

These factors are expected to limit the Fed’s ability to aggressively cut interest rates, aligning with the bank’s recent cautious stance. The upcoming release of December’s nonfarm payroll data on Friday will provide further insights into the interest rate outlook.

US stock indices declined on Tuesday, driven by rising Treasury yields and concerns about inflation. The S&P 500 fell 1.1%, the Nasdaq Composite dropped 1.9%, and the Dow Jones Industrial Average slipped 0.4%.

Nvidia, a leading technology stock, experienced a significant decline on Tuesday despite announcing new products at the Consumer Electronics Show. While these innovations bode well for Nvidia’s long-term growth, analysts noted a limited impact on the company’s near-term prospects.

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Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), the largest Indian information technology firm, is slated to release its third quarter (Q3FY25) earnings on Thursday, January 9, 2025.  

Brokerages tracked by Business Standard estimate the revenue of TCS to grow by 6.3 per cent year-on-year (Y-o-Y), on an average, to Rs 6,445.63 crore as compared to Rs 6,060 crore a year ago. On a quarter-on-quarter (Q-o-Q) basis, revenue is forecasted to grow marginally by 0.24 per cent. The revenue is likely to be impacted by furloughs and the decline of revenue contribution from the BSNL deal which peaked out in Q2.

Further, they expect TCS’ adjusted profit after tax (PAT) for the quarter ended December 31, 2024, at an average of Rs 1,241.96 crore, an increase of 5.2 per cent as compared to Rs 1,180 crore a year ago. On a quarterly basis, the ajusted PAT is expected to grow at an average of 3.4 per cent. 

Analysts say investors should focus on the management’s commentary on near-term demand and pricing environment, BFSI, and deal wins.

Here’s how analysts of various brokerages expect TCS to fare in Q3: 

PL Capital: Analysts at PL Capital expect TCS to report 0.4 per cent Q-o-Q constant currency (CC) growth while in the US dollar terms, the revenue is initiated to a decline of 0.4 per cent Q-o-Q with a currency headwind of 80 basis points (bps). 

Meanwhile, Q3 revenue will be impacted by furloughs and a decline in revenue contribution from the BSNL deal which peaked out in Q2.  

The brokerage expects the revenue at Rs 6,446 crore as compared to Rs 6,058 crore a year ago, a growth of 6.4 per cent Y-o-Y and Rs 6,426 crore a quarter ago. 

Earnings before interest and tax (Ebit) margins are expected to improve by 70 bps Q-o-Q despite the headwinds of furloughs, as Rupee depreciation and lower contribution from BSNL would support margins. They expect deal wins to remain steady in the band of $7-9 billion.

The brokerage expects Ebit margins at 24.8 per cent for Q3 as compared to 24.1 per cent in Q2FY25.  

Motilal Oswal: The brokerage expects growth to be subdued at 0.4 per cent Q-o-Q CC and revenue to be impacted by furloughs; however, client-specific challenges are likely to normalise in 3Q.  

As per analysts at Motilal Oswal, EBIT margins are likely to improve by 40 bps, driven by talent development, training, and operational efficiency.  

Motilal Oswal anticipates Ebit margins at 24.5 per cent as compared to 24.1 per cent Q-o-Q.  

Further, the deal pipeline should remain healthy and there is some good momentum in Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance (BFSI), but weakness in UK/Europe and manufacturing needs to be monitored. 

HDFC Securities: As per the brokerage, TCS’ growth will continue to be led by the regional markets segment, evident in recent large deal wins. However, the analysts at HDFC Securities have lowered earnings per share (EPS) estimates due to the absence of a mega deal. 

EPS for FY25E is at 30.8x as compared to 32.8x in FY24. 

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The gross domestic product (GDP) estimates for financial year 2024-25 (FY25) have been maintained at 6.4 per cent, the Ministry of Statistics said on Tuesday. Despite a dull first half (H1) of FY25, the ministry expects an uptick in agricultural and industrial activity, along with resilient rural demand in the H2 will keep India on a growth path towards achieving 6.4-6.8 per cent expansion by the end of the financial year. 

“Real GDP has been estimated to grow by 6.4 per cent in FY 2024-25 as compared to the growth rate of 8.2 per cent in Provisional Estimate (PE) of GDP for FY 2023-24. Nominal GDP has witnessed a growth rate of 9.7 per cent in FY 2024-25 over the growth rate of 9.6 per cent in FY 2023-24,” Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation said in its official release.  

Improvement in agriculture

The agriculture and allied sector has shown a significant improvement, with Real GVA growth estimated at 3.8 per cent in FY25, a marked increase from the previous year’s 1.4 per cent. 

This suggests that the agricultural sector has experienced stronger growth, potentially due to favourable monsoons, improved crop yields, or policy measures aimed at boosting rural incomes and agricultural productivity.  

Construction and service sectors

The construction sector and the financial, real estate & professional services sector are also expected to experience strong growth. The construction sector’s Real GVA is projected to rise by 8.6 per cent, reflecting the ongoing infrastructure development, housing demand, and urbanisation trends.  

Similarly, the financial, real estate & professional services sector is expected to grow by 7.3 per cent, indicating a strong performance in finance, real estate development, and business services, driven by both domestic and global demand.

Growth in private consumption

Turning to expenditure patterns, Private Final Consumption Expenditure (PFCE) at constant prices has experienced a growth of 7.3 per cent in FY25, a significant increase compared to the 4 per cent growth in the previous year.  

PFCE is a key indicator of domestic consumption, reflecting the spending behavior of households, and this growth highlights an improvement in consumer confidence, spending power, and overall economic recovery.  

Govt expenditure up

Similarly, government final consumption expenditure (GFCE), which refers to government spending on goods and services, has rebounded strongly with a growth rate of 4.1 per cent in FY25, up from 2.5 per cent in the previous financial year. 

This uptick in government expenditure could be attributed to increased public investments in infrastructure, social programs, and welfare schemes aimed at stimulating economic activity.  

Previous FY25 growth projections

The actual GDP growth rate for the last financial year, FY24, was 8.2 per cent. The Economic Survey report, released in July 2024, projected a growth of 6.5 to 7 per cent for the financial year ending March 2025. In its November review, the finance ministry revised its GDP projections to around 6.5 per cent, flagging the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) monetary policy stance among the reasons for the slowdown in H1 of FY25.

RBI revises GDP projections

In its last monetary policy committee meeting, the Reserve Bank significantly lowered its growth projection for FY25 to 6.6 per cent from an earlier estimate of 7.2 per cent. The new estimates came after India’s GDP for the second quarter (Q2) fell to a seven-quarter low of 5.4 per cent against its own projection of 7 per cent. It also marked the third consecutive quarter of slower growth in India. Furthermore, at 5.8 per cent, inflation in November 2024 was over the RBI’s target of 4 per cent. 

The central bank, however, contended that rural consumption, government expenditure, investment, and strong services exports would lead to a pickup in GDP in the third and fourth quarters of this financial year.

Quarter-wise GDP projections of the RBI were: 

Q1 FY25: 6.9 per cent

Q2 FY25: 7.3 per cent

Q3 FY25: 6.8 per cent (estimates)

Q4 FY25: 7.2 per cent (estimates) 

This announcement comes three weeks ahead of the central government’s release of the Union Budget for 2025-26.

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